PCBA patch processing mainly includes two major processes: PCB circuit board production and SMT patch processing. Electronic components are indispensable in the process. They are the fundamental parts of PCBA patch processing and significantly impact the performance and quality of the finished products. Here is a summary and introduction to the commonly used electronic components in PCBA patch processing.
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Resistors
Resistors are electronic components with resistance characteristics and are one of the most widely used components in PCBA processing. Resistors are divided into fixed resistors and variable resistors (potentiometers), which play the role of voltage division, current division and current limiting in the circuit.
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Capacitor
The capacitor is also one of the basic components in PCBA processing. It is a component that stores electrical energy and plays the role of coupling, filtering, DC isolation and tuning in electronic circuits.
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Inductorcoils
Inductor coils, also known as inductors, store magnetic energy and are one of the fundamental components used in PCBA processing. They typically consist of a skeleton, windings, shielding covers, and magnetic cores.
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Potentiometer
A resistor with variable resistance, that is, a resistor that can be continuously adjusted within a specified range, is called a potentiometer. The potentiometer is one of the basic components in PCBA processing. The potentiometer consists of a housing, a sliding end, a rotating shaft, a ring resistor body and three lead-out terminals.
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Transformer
The transformer consists of an iron core (or magnetic core) and a coil. The coil has two or more windings, of which the winding connected to the power supply is called the primary coil, and the remaining windings are called the secondary coil.
The transformer is a device that transforms voltage, current and impedance. When AC current flows through the primary coil, AC magnetic flux is generated in the iron core (or magnetic core), inducing voltage (or current) in the secondary coil. The transformer is mainly used for AC voltage conversion, current conversion, power transmission, impedance conversion and buffer isolation, etc. It is one of the indispensable and important components in the PCBA.
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Diode
A diode, also known as a crystal diode or simply diode, is made of a PN junction, electrode leads and an external sealed tube shell. It has a unidirectional conductive characteristic. The diode is one of the basic components in PCBA processing.
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Transistor
The transistor is the core device for signal amplification and processing and is widely used in PCBA.
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Field Effect Transistor
A field effect transistor (FET) is also a semiconductor device with PN junction. Unlike triode, it does not use the conductive property of PN junction, but its insulating property. FET is widely used in PCBA.
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Electroacoustic Devices
The device used to complete the conversion between electrical signals and sound signals in the circuit is called an electroacoustic device. There are many types of it, including speakers, microphones, headphones (or earplugs), transmitters, receivers, etc.
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Optoelectronic Devices
Photoconductive devices that use the photosensitivity of semiconductors, photocells that use the photovoltaic effect of semiconductors, and semiconductor light-emitting devices are collectively referred to as optoelectronic devices. Optoelectronic devices are one of the basic components in PCBA processing.
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Display Devices
Electronic display devices refer to photoelectric conversion devices that convert electrical signals into optical signals, that is, devices used to display numbers, symbols, text or images. They are key components of electronic display devices and have a great impact on the performance of display devices. Electroacoustic devices are one of the basic components in PCBA processing.
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Sensors
The sensor is a device or apparatus that can sense the specified measured quantity and convert it into a usable signal according to certain rules. It is usually composed of sensitive elements and conversion elements. The sensor is one of the basic components in PCBA processing.
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Surface Mount Components
Surface mount components (SMC and SMD) are also called patch components or chip components. They include resistors, capacitors, inductors and semiconductor devices. They have the characteristics of small size, light weight, no leads or very short leads, high installation density, high reliability, good vibration resistance and easy automation.
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Thyristor
SCR, short for silicon controlled rectifier, is a high-power semiconductor device with three PN junctions and a four-layer structure, also known as thyristor. It has the characteristics of small size, relatively simple structure and strong function, and is one of the more commonly used semiconductor devices in PCBA.
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Switches, Relays, and Various Connectors
Switches are used in electronic devices to cut off, connect or convert circuits. Relays are automatic control devices that change output in a jumpy manner when input (electricity, magnetism, sound, light, heat) reaches a certain value.
PCBA patch processing cannot do without these electronic components, and the performance and quality of electronic components also affect the quality of PCBA finished products. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the function of each component in detail and choose carefully.
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